/* ES40 emulator.
 * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 by the ES40 Emulator Project
 *
 * WWW    : http://sourceforge.net/projects/es40
 * E-mail : camiel@camicom.com
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
 *
 * Although this is not required, the author would appreciate being notified of,
 * and receiving any modifications you may make to the source code that might serve
 * the general public.
 */

 /**
  * \file
  * Contains VAX floating point code for the Alpha CPU.
  *
  * $Id$
  *
  * X-1.9        Camiel Vanderhoeven                             14-MAR-2008
  *   1. More meaningful exceptions replace throwing (int) 1.
  *   2. U64 macro replaces X64 macro.
  *
  * X-1.8        Camiel Vanderhoeven                             05-FEB-2008
  *      Bug description added.
  *
  * X-1.7        Camiel Vanderhoeven                             28-JAN-2008
  *      Better floating-point exception handling.
  *
  * X-1.6        Camiel Vanderhoeven                             27-JAN-2008
  *      Comments.
  *
  * X-1.5        Camiel Vanderhoeven                             27-JAN-2008
  *      Minor floating-point improvements.
  *
  * X-1.4        Camiel Vanderhoeven                             26-JAN-2008
  *      Bugfix in vax_stf.
  *
  * X-1.3        Camiel Vanderhoeven                             26-JAN-2008
  *      Made IDB compile again.
  *
  * X-1.2        Camiel Vanderhoeven                             22-JAN-2008
  *      Minor cleanup.
  *
  * X-1.1        Camiel Vanderhoeven                             21-JAN-2008
  *      File created. Contains code based upon the SIMH Alpha pre-
  *      implementation, which is Copyright (c) 2003, Robert M Supnik.
  *
  **/
#include "StdAfx.h"
#include "AlphaCPU.h"
#include "cpu_debug.h"

#define IPMAX U64(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)   /* plus MAX (int) */
#define IMMAX U64(0x8000000000000000)   /* minus MAX (int) */

  /* Unpacked rounding constants */
#define UF_FRND U64(0x0000008000000000) /* F round */
#define UF_DRND U64(0x0000000000000080) /* D round */
#define UF_GRND U64(0x0000000000000400) /* G round */

/***************************************************************************/

/**
 * \name VAX_fp_load_store
 * VAX floating point load and store functions
 ******************************************************************************/

 //\{

 /**
  * \brief Convert the VAX F-floating memory format to the VAX floating register
  * format.
  *
  * Adjust the exponent base, reorder the bytes of the fraction to compensate for
  * the VAX byte-order, and widen the exponent and fraction fields.
  *
  * \param op	32-bit VAX F-floating value in memory format.
  * \return		The value op converted to 64-bit VAX floating in register format.
  **/
u64 CAlphaCPU::vax_ldf(u32 op)
{
	u32 exp = F_GETEXP(op);
	if (exp != 0)
		exp = exp + G_BIAS - F_BIAS;  /* zero? */
	u64 res = (((u64)(op & F_SIGN)) ? FPR_SIGN : 0) |  /* finite non-zero */
		(((u64)exp) << FPR_V_EXP) | (((u64)SWAP_VAXF(op & ~(F_SIGN | F_EXP))) << F_V_FRAC);

	//printf("vax_ldf: %08x -> %016" PRIx64 ".\n", op, res);
	return res;
}

/**
 * \brief Convert the VAX G-floating memory format to the VAX floating register
 * format.
 *
 * Reorder the bytes to compensate for the VAX byte-order.
 *
 * \param op  64-bit VAX G-floating value in memory format.
 * \return    The value op converted to 64-bit VAX floating in register format.
 **/
u64 CAlphaCPU::vax_ldg(u64 op)
{
	return SWAP_VAXG(op); /* swizzle bits */
}

/**
 * \brief Convert the VAX floating register format to the VAX F-floating memory
 * format.
 *
 * Adjust the exponent base, make the exponent and fraction fields smaller, and
 * reorder the bytes of the fraction to compensate for the VAX byte-order.
 *
 * \param op  64-bit VAX floating in register format.
 * \return    The value op converted to 32-bit VAX F-floating value in memory format.
 **/
u32 CAlphaCPU::vax_stf(u64 op)
{
	return (u32)((((op >> 29) & 0xFFFF) << 16) | (((op >> 62) & 0x3) << 14) | ((op >> 45) & 0x3FFF));
}

/**
 * \brief Convert the VAX floating register format to the VAX G-floating memory
 * format.
 *
 * Reorder the bytes to compensate for the VAX byte-order.
 *
 * \param op  64-bit VAX floating in register format.
 * \return    The value op converted to 64-bit VAX G-floating value in memory format.
 **/
u64 CAlphaCPU::vax_stg(u64 op)
{
	return SWAP_VAXG(op); /* swizzle bits */
}

//\}

/***************************************************************************/

/**
 * \name VAX_fp_operations
 * VAX floating point operations
 ******************************************************************************/

 //\{

 /**
  * \brief Compare 2 VAX floating-point values.
  *
  * \param s1  First 64-bit VAX floating in register format to be compared.
  * \param s1  Second 64-bit VAX floating in register format to be compared.
  * \param ins The instruction currently being executed. Used to properly
  *            handle exceptions.
  * \return    0 if s1==s2, 1 if s1>s2, -1 if s1<s2.
  **/
int CAlphaCPU::vax_fcmp(u64 s1, u64 s2, u32 ins)
{
	UFP a;

	UFP b;

	vax_unpack(s1, &a, ins);
	vax_unpack(s2, &b, ins);
	if (s1 == s2)
		return 0; /* equal? */
	if (a.sign != b.sign)
		return(a.sign ? -1 : +1); /* opp signs? */
	return(((s1 < s2) ^ a.sign) ? -1 : +1); /* like signs */
}

/**
 * \brief Convert 64-bit signed integer to VAX floating-point value.
 *
 * \param val 64-bit signed integer to be converted.
 * \param ins The instruction currently being executed. Used to properly
 *            handle exceptions and to determine the rounding mode.
 * \param dp  DT_F for F-floating or DT_G for G-floating.
 * \return    64-bit VAX floating in register format.
 **/
u64 CAlphaCPU::vax_cvtif(u64 val, u32 ins, u32 dp)
{
	s64 num = (s64)val;
	UFP a;

	if (num == 0)
		return 0;   /* 0? return +0 */
	if (num < 0)
	{             /* < 0? */
		a.sign = 1; /* set sign */
		val = NEG_Q(val);
	} /* |val| */
	else
		a.sign = 0;
	a.exp = 64 + G_BIAS;            /* set exp */
	a.frac = val;                   /* set frac */
	vax_norm(&a);                   /* normalize */
	return vax_rpack(&a, ins, dp);  /* round and pack */
}

/**
 * \brief Convert VAX floating-point value to 64-bit signed integer.
 *
 * Note that rounding cannot cause a carry unless the fraction has been shifted
 * right at least FP_GUARD places; in which case a carry out is impossible
 *
 * \param op  64-bit VAX floating in register format to be converted.
 * \param ins The instruction currently being executed. Used to properly
 *            handle exceptions.
 * \return    64-bit signed integer.
 **/
u64 CAlphaCPU::vax_cvtfi(u64 op, u32 ins)
{
	UFP a;
	u32 rndm = I_GETFRND(ins);
	s32 ubexp;

	vax_unpack(op, &a, ins);
	ubexp = a.exp - G_BIAS; /* unbiased exp */
	if (ubexp < 0)
		return 0; /* zero or too small? */
	if (ubexp <= UF_V_NM)
	{           /* in range? */
		a.frac = a.frac >> (UF_V_NM - ubexp); /* leave rnd bit */
		if (rndm)
			a.frac = a.frac + 1;  /* not chopped, round */
		a.frac = a.frac >> 1;   /* now justified */
		if ((a.frac > (a.sign ? IMMAX : IPMAX))  /* out of range? */
			&& (ins & I_FTRP_V)) /* trap enabled? */vax_trap(TRAP_IOV, ins);
	} /* set overflow */
	else
	{
		if (ubexp > (UF_V_NM + 64))
			a.frac = 0; /* out of range */
		else
			a.frac = (a.frac << (ubexp - UF_V_NM - 1)) & X64_QUAD;  /* no rnd bit */
		if (ins & I_FTRP_V)  /* trap enabled? */
			vax_trap(TRAP_IOV, ins);
	} /* set overflow */

	return(a.sign ? NEG_Q(a.frac) : a.frac);
}

/**
 * \brief Add or subtract 2 VAX floating-point values.
 *
 * \param s1  Augend or minuend in 64-bit VAX floating register format.
 * \param s2  Addend or subtrahend in 64-bit VAX floating register format.
 * \param ins The instruction currently being executed. Used to properly
 *            handle exceptions.
 * \param dp  DT_F for F-floating or DT_G for G-floating.
 * \param sub subtract if true, add if false.
 * \return    64-bit VAX floating in register format.
 **/
u64 CAlphaCPU::vax_fadd(u64 s1, u64 s2, u32 ins, u32 dp, bool sub)
{
	UFP a;

	UFP b;

	UFP t;
	u32 sticky;
	s32 ediff;

	vax_unpack(s1, &a, ins);
	vax_unpack(s2, &b, ins);
	if (sub)
		b.sign = b.sign ^ 1;  /* sub? invert b sign */
	if (a.exp == 0)
		a = b;        /* s1 = 0? */
	else if (b.exp)  /* s2 != 0? */
	{
		if ((a.exp < b.exp)      /* |s1| < |s2|? swap */
			|| ((a.exp == b.exp) && (a.frac < b.frac)))
		{
			t = a;
			a = b;
			b = t;
		}

		ediff = a.exp - b.exp;  /* exp diff */
		if (a.sign ^ b.sign)     /* eff sub? */
		{
			if (ediff > 63)
				b.frac = 1;         /* >63? retain sticky */
			else if (ediff)        /* [1,63]? shift */
			{
				sticky = ((b.frac << (64 - ediff)) & X64_QUAD) ? 1 : 0; /* lost bits */
				b.frac = (b.frac >> ediff) | sticky;
			}

			a.frac = (a.frac - b.frac) & X64_QUAD;  /* subtract fractions */
			vax_norm(&a); /* normalize */
		}
		else            /* eff add */
		{
			if (ediff > 63)
				b.frac = 0; /* >63? b disappears */
			else if (ediff)
				b.frac = b.frac >> ediff; /* denormalize */
			a.frac = (a.frac + b.frac) & X64_QUAD;  /* add frac */
			if (a.frac < b.frac) /* chk for carry */
			{
				a.frac = UF_NM | (a.frac >> 1); /* shift in carry */
				a.exp = a.exp + 1;  /* skip norm */
			}
		}
	} /* end else if */

	return vax_rpack(&a, ins, dp);  /* round and pack */
}

/**
 * \brief Multiply 2 VAX floating-point values.
 *
 * \param s1  Multiplicand in 64-bit VAX floating register format.
 * \param s2  Multiplier in 64-bit VAX floating register format.
 * \param ins The instruction currently being executed. Used to properly
 *            handle exceptions.
 * \param dp  DT_F for F-floating or DT_G for G-floating.
 * \return    64-bit VAX floating in register format.
 **/
u64 CAlphaCPU::vax_fmul(u64 s1, u64 s2, u32 ins, u32 dp)
{
	UFP a;

	UFP b;

	vax_unpack(s1, &a, ins);
	vax_unpack(s2, &b, ins);
	if ((a.exp == 0) || (b.exp == 0))
		return 0; /* zero argument? */
	a.sign = a.sign ^ b.sign;         /* sign of result */
	a.exp = a.exp + b.exp - G_BIAS;   /* add exponents */
	uemul64(a.frac, b.frac, &a.frac); /* mpy fractions */
	vax_norm(&a); /* normalize */
	return vax_rpack(&a, ins, dp);  /* round and pack */
}

/**
 * \brief Divide 2 VAX floating-point values.
 *
 * Needs to develop at least one rounding bit.  Since the first
 * divide step can fail, develop 2 more bits than the precision of
 * the fraction.
 *
 * \param s1  Dividend in 64-bit VAX floating register format.
 * \param s2  Divisor in 64-bit VAX floating register format.
 * \param ins The instruction currently being executed. Used to properly
 *            handle exceptions.
 * \param dp  DT_F for F-floating or DT_G for G-floating.
 * \return    64-bit VAX floating in register format.
 **/
u64 CAlphaCPU::vax_fdiv(u64 s1, u64 s2, u32 ins, u32 dp)
{
	UFP a;

	UFP b;

	vax_unpack(s1, &a, ins);
	vax_unpack(s2, &b, ins);
	if (b.exp == 0)
	{ /* divr = 0? */
		vax_trap(TRAP_DZE, ins);  /* dze trap */
		return 0;
	}

	if (a.exp == 0)
		return 0; /* divd = 0? */
	a.sign = a.sign ^ b.sign;           /* result sign */
	a.exp = a.exp - b.exp + G_BIAS + 1; /* unbiased exp */
	a.frac = a.frac >> 1; /* allow 1 bit left */
	b.frac = b.frac >> 1;
	a.frac = ufdiv64(a.frac, b.frac, 55, NULL); /* divide */
	vax_norm(&a); /* normalize */
	return vax_rpack(&a, ins, dp);  /* round and pack */
}

/**
 * \brief Determine principal square root of a VAX floating-point value.
 *
 * \param op  64-bit VAX floating in register format.
 * \param ins The instruction currently being executed. Used to properly
 *            handle exceptions.
 * \param dp  DT_F for F-floating or DT_G for G-floating.
 * \return    64-bit VAX floating in register format.
 **/
u64 CAlphaCPU::vax_sqrt(u64 op, u32 ins, u32 dp)
{
	UFP b;

	vax_unpack(op, &b, ins);
	if (b.exp == 0)
		return 0; /* zero? */
	if (b.sign)
	{           /* minus? */
		vax_trap(TRAP_INV, ins);  /* invalid operand */
		return 0;
	}

	b.exp = ((b.exp + 1 - G_BIAS) >> 1) + G_BIAS; /* result exponent */
	b.frac = fsqrt64(b.frac, b.exp);  /* result fraction */
	return vax_rpack(&b, ins, dp);    /* round and pack */
}

//\}

/***************************************************************************/

/**
 * \name VAX_fp_support
 * VAX floating point support functions
 ******************************************************************************/

 //\{

 /**
  * \brief Set VAX floating-point trap
  *
  * Called when a VAX floating-point operation detects an exception.
  *
  * \param mask  A bitmask in which the bits are set that correspond to
  *              the exception that occurred.
  * \param ins   The instruction currently being executed. Used to properly
  *              set some registers for the trap to be handled.
  **/
void CAlphaCPU::vax_trap(u64 mask, u32 ins)
{
	ARITH_TRAP(mask | ((ins & I_FTRP_S) ? TRAP_SWC : 0), I_GETRC(ins));
}

/**
 * \brief Unpack VAX floating-point value
 *
 * Converts a VAX floating-point value to it's sign, exponent and fraction
 * components.
 *
 * \param op  64-bit VAX floating in register format.
 * \param r   Pointer to the unpacked-floating-point UFP structure
 *            where the results are to be returned.
 * \param ins The instruction currently being executed. Used to properly
 *            handle exceptions.
 **/
void CAlphaCPU::vax_unpack(u64 op, UFP* r, u32 ins)
{
	r->sign = FPR_GETSIGN(op);  /* get sign */
	r->exp = FPR_GETEXP(op);    /* get exponent */
	r->frac = FPR_GETFRAC(op);  /* get fraction */
	if (r->exp == 0)     /* exp = 0? */
	{
		if (r->sign != 0)  /* rsvd op? */
			vax_trap(TRAP_INV, ins);

		// zero
		r->frac = r->sign = 0;
		return;
	}

	r->frac = (r->frac | FPR_HB) << FPR_GUARD;  /* ins hidden bit, guard */
	return;
}

/**
 * \brief Unpack VAX D-floating-point value
 *
 * Converts a VAX D-floating-point value to it's sign, exponent and fraction
 * components.
 *
 * \param op  64-bit VAX D-floating in register format.
 * \param r   Pointer to the unpacked-floating-point UFP structure
 *            where the results are to be returned.
 * \param ins The instruction currently being executed. Used to properly
 *            handle exceptions.
 **/
void CAlphaCPU::vax_unpack_d(u64 op, UFP* r, u32 ins)
{
	r->sign = FDR_GETSIGN(op);  /* get sign */
	r->exp = FDR_GETEXP(op);    /* get exponent */
	r->frac = FDR_GETFRAC(op);  /* get fraction */
	if (r->exp == 0) /* exp = 0? */
	{
		if (r->sign != 0)   /* rsvd op? */
			vax_trap(TRAP_INV, ins);
		r->frac = r->sign = 0;
		return;
	}

	r->exp = r->exp + G_BIAS - D_BIAS;          /* change to G bias */
	r->frac = (r->frac | FDR_HB) << FDR_GUARD;  /* ins hidden bit, guard */
	return;
}

/**
 * \brief Normalize VAX floating-point value
 *
 * Normalize exponent and fraction components.
 *
 * \param r   Pointer to the unpacked-floating-point UFP structure
 *            containing the value to be normalized, and where the
 *            results are to be returned.
 **/
void CAlphaCPU::vax_norm(UFP* r)
{
	s32         i;
	static u64  normmask[5] = {
	  U64(0xc000000000000000), U64(0xf000000000000000), U64(0xff00000000000000),
	  U64(0xffff000000000000), U64(0xffffffff00000000) };
	static s32  normtab[6] = { 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 };

	r->frac = r->frac & X64_QUAD;
	if (r->frac == 0)
	{ /* if fraction = 0 */
		r->sign = r->exp = 0; /* result is 0 */
		return;
	}

	while ((r->frac & UF_NM) == 0)
	{   /* normalized? */
		for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
		{ /* find first 1 */
			if (r->frac & normmask[i])
				break;
		}

		r->frac = r->frac << normtab[i];  /* shift frac */
		r->exp = r->exp - normtab[i];
	} /* decr exp */

	return;
}

/**
 * \brief Round and pack VAX floating-point value
 *
 * Converts sign, exponent and fraction components to a register-format VAX
 * floating point value.
 *
 * \param r   Pointer to the unpacked-floating-point UFP structure
 *            to be packed.
 * \param ins The instruction currently being executed. Used to properly
 *            handle exceptions and to determine the rounding mode.
 * \param dp  DT_F for F-floating or DT_G for G-floating.
 * \return    64-bit VAX floating in register format.
 **/
u64 CAlphaCPU::vax_rpack(UFP* r, u32 ins, u32 dp)
{
	u32               rndm = I_GETFRND(ins);
	static const u64  roundbit[2] = { UF_FRND, UF_GRND };
	static const s32  expmax[2] = { G_BIAS - F_BIAS + F_M_EXP, G_M_EXP };
	static const s32  expmin[2] = { G_BIAS - F_BIAS, 0 };

	if (r->frac == 0)
		return 0; /* result 0? */
	if (rndm)
	{           /* round? */
		r->frac = (r->frac + roundbit[dp]) & X64_QUAD;  /* add round bit */
		if ((r->frac & UF_NM) == 0)
		{ /* carry out? */
			r->frac = (r->frac >> 1) | UF_NM; /* renormalize */
			r->exp = r->exp + 1;
		}
	}

	if (r->exp > expmax[dp])
	{ /* ovflo? */
		vax_trap(TRAP_OVF, ins);  /* set trap */
		r->exp = expmax[dp];
	} /* return max */

	if (r->exp <= expmin[dp])
	{ /* underflow? */
		if (ins & I_FTRP_V)
			vax_trap(TRAP_UNF, ins);  /* enabled? set trap */
		return 0;
	} /* underflow to 0 */

	return(((u64)r->sign) << FPR_V_SIGN) | (((u64)r->exp) << FPR_V_EXP) | ((r->frac >> FPR_GUARD) & FPR_FRAC);
}

/**
 * \brief Round and pack VAX D-floating-point value
 *
 * Converts sign, exponent and fraction components to a register-format VAX
 * D-floating-point value.
 *
 * \param r   Pointer to the unpacked-floating-point UFP structure
 *            to be packed.
 * \param ins The instruction currently being executed. Used to properly
 *            handle exceptions.
 * \return    64-bit VAX D-floating in register format.
 **/
u64 CAlphaCPU::vax_rpack_d(UFP* r, u32 ins)
{
	if (r->frac == 0)
		return 0; /* result 0? */
	r->exp = r->exp + D_BIAS - G_BIAS;  /* rebias */
	if (r->exp > FDR_M_EXP)
	{ /* ovflo? */
		vax_trap(TRAP_OVF, ins);  /* set trap */
		r->exp = FDR_M_EXP;
	} /* return max */

	if (r->exp <= 0)
	{ /* underflow? */
		if (ins & I_FTRP_V)
			vax_trap(TRAP_UNF, ins);  /* enabled? set trap */
		return 0;
	} /* underflow to 0 */

	return(((u64)r->sign) << FDR_V_SIGN) | (((u64)r->exp) << FDR_V_EXP) | ((r->frac >> FDR_GUARD) & FDR_FRAC);
}

//\}